Metagenomics Framework for the study of Soil Microbial Communities Based 16s rRNA Gene profiling approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30732/IJBBB.20200501001Keywords:
Soil Metagenomes, DNA Sequencing, 16S rRNA, Crop Improvement, Resistance genes, Diversity, Microbial TaxonomyAbstract
Metagenomics provides a skylight into the vast world of microbial diversity that is astonishing in its extent. It can lead to extract the enormous information regarding genetic potential of microorganisms to obtain products and processes of biotechnological value. The metagenomics analysis helps in exploring the whole microbiome of a given sample, for example, soil, air and water sample. Soil is considered as a complex environment, which appears to be a major reservoir of microbial genetic diversity with bacterial, archeal, and eukaryotic taxa. Although the characterization of soil microbial communities have been known for decades, there is still a considerable lack of understanding of the mechanism of interaction and metabolism that exist among members of the microbial community and their ecosystem. This taxonomic diversity is mirrored by the diversity of their protein-encoded function, and life history strategies which regulates the soil property or else the productivity. Existing knowledge, concerning the phylogenetic and the functional diversity, community metabolic potential and consequence of evolutional adaption is based largely on partial information gained from the studies performed on microorganism that have been cultivated from soil on a small scale. Importance of metagenome analysis and basic methodologies in view of soil sample for betterment of human welfare without discriminating the nature is enlighten in the article.
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