Bioreactors for efficient treatment of phenol and nitrogen from wastewater
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30732/ijbbb.20180301002Keywords:
Anaerobic, Anoxic, Activated sludge process, BiofilmAbstract
Bioreactors are operated in aerobic, anaerobic and anoxic environment either as single unit or in series of sequence for treatment of various types of wastewater for desirable outcome. The working force microbes grow in suspension in suspended growth reactor configuration or may be grown in attachment of some support media (mostly referred as bed) in attached growth reactor configuration. Therefore, in suspended system, microbes are kept suspended in the liquor whereas in attached growth system, some carrier material is provided in the reactors for use as a bed for microbial growth. Both suspended growth and attached growth bioreactors are used for removal of complex wastewater containing inorganics, organics and various metals. The review article possesses an insight of comparison of various reactors used for treatment of complex wastewater with phenol and ammonia component.
References
References
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2. Yamagishi, T.J., Leite, S. Ueda, F. Yamaguchi, Y. Suwa, 2001. Simultaneous removal of phenol and ammonia by an activated sludge process with cross flow filtration. Water Research 35: 3089-3096.
3. Amor, L., Eiroa, M., Kennes, C., Veiga, M.C., 2005. Phenol biodegradation and its effect on the nitrification process. Water Research 39: 2915-2920.
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6. Vázquez, I., Rodríguez, J., Marañόn, E., Castrillόn, L., Fernández, Y., 2006. Simultaneous removal of phenol, ammonium and thiocyanate from coke wastewater by aerobic biodegradation. J. Hazardous material. B137: 1773-1780.
7. Fang, H.H.P., Liang, D.W., Zhang, T., Liu, Y., 2006. Anaerobic treatment of phenol in wastewater under thermophilic condition. Water Research 40: 427-434.
8. Bajaj, M., Gallert C. and Winter J. 2009. Treatment of phenolic wastewater in an anaerobic fixed bed reactor (AFBR) - Recovery after shock loading. J. Hazardous Materials 162: 1330-1339.
9. Blum, D. J. W., Hergenroeder, R., Parkin, G. F., Speece R. E. 1986. Anaerobic Treatment of Coal Conversion Wastewater Constituents: Biodegradability and Toxicity. J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 58: 122-131.
10. Zhou, G.M., Fang, H.P. 1997. Co-degradation of phenol and m-cresol in a UASB reactor. Bioresource Technology 61: 47-52.
11. Pavlostathis, S. G. and E. Giraldo-Gomez. 1991. Kinetics of Anaerobic Treatment. Water Science and Technology 24:35-59.
12. Bajaj, M., Gallert, C., Winter, J. 2010. Effect of phenol addition on COD and nitrate removal in an anoxic suspension reactor. Bioresource Technology 101: 5159–5167.
13. Zhao, W, Huang, X., Lee D., 2009. Enhanced treatment of coke plant wastewater using an anaerobic–anoxic–oxic membrane bioreactor system. Separation and Purification Technology 66: 279–286.
14. Sorokin, D.Y., Tourova, T.P., Antipov, A. N., Muyzer, G., Kuenen, J.G. 2004. Anaerobic growth of the haloalkaliphilic denitrifying sulphur-oxidizing bacterium Thialkalivibrio thiocyanodenitrificans sp. nov. with thiocyanate, Microbiology, 150: 2435-2442.
15. Li, Y., Gu, G., Zhao, J., Yu, H., 2001. Anoxic degradation of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds by acclimated activated sludge, Processes Biochemistry 37: 81-86.
16. S. Sarfaraz, S. Thomas, U.K. Tewari, L. Iyengar 2004. Anoxic treatment of phenolic wastewater in sequencing batch reactor Water Research 38: 965–971.
17. Sirianutapiboon, S., Chairattanawan, K., Surasinanant, P. 2007. Some properties of a sequential batch reactor for treatment of wastewater containing thiocyanate compounds, J. Environmental management 85: 330-337.
18. Marañόn, E., Vázquez, I., Rodríguez, J., Castrillόn, L., Fernández, Y., Lopez, H. 2008. Treatment of coke wastewater in sequential batch reactor (SBR) at pilot plant scale. Bioresource Technology 99: 4192-4198.
19. Kargi, F. 1996. Biological treatment of high strength wastewater by fed batch operation. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering 16: 35-38.
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21. Liu, Y.Q., Tay, J.H., Ivanou, V., Moy, B.Y.P., Yu, L., Tay, S.T.L. 2005. Influence of phenol on nitrification by microbial granules. Process Biochemistry 40: 3285–3289
22. Soddell, J.A., Seviour, R.J., 1990. Microbiology of foaming in activated sludge plants. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 69 (2): 145–176.
23. Kim, Y.M., Park, D., Lee, D.S., Park J.M., 2007. Instability of biological nitrogen removal in a cokes wastewater treatment facility during summer. J. Hazardous Materials 141: 27-32.
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25. Hosseini, S.H., Borghei, S.M. 2005. The treatment of phenolic wastewater using moving bed bio-reactor, Process Biochemistry 40: 1027-1031.
26. Yang, S., Yang, F.L., Fu, Z.M., Lei, R.B., 2009. Comparison between a moving bed membrane bioreactor and a conventional membrane bioreactor on organic carbon and nitrogen removal. Bioresource Technology 100 (8): 2369–2374.
27. Jeong, Y.S., Chung, J.S., 2006. Biodegradation of thiocyanate in biofilm reactor using fluidized-carriers. Process Biochemistry 41 (3): 701–707
28. Tziotzios, G., Teliou, M., Kaltsouni, V., Lyberatos, G., Vayenas, D.V. 2005. Biological phenol removal using suspended growth and packed bed reactors: Biochemical Engineering J. 26: 65–71.
29. Ramos, A. F., Gomez, M.A., Hontoria, E., Lopez, J.G., 2007. Biological nitrogen and phenol removal from saline industrial wastewater by submerged fixed film reactor. J Hazardous Materials 142: 175-183.
30. Zaiat, M. Rodrigues, J.A.D., Ratusznei, S.M., Camargo, E.F.M. Borzani, W. 2001. Anaerobic sequencing batch reactors for wastewater treatment: a developing technology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 55: 29–35.
31. Goh, C.P., Senng, C.E., Sujari, A.N.A., Lim, P. E. 2009. Performance of sequencing batch biofilm and sequencing batch reactors in simultaneous p- nitrophenol and nitrogen removal, Environment Technology 30: 725-736.
32. Banerjee, G. 1996. Phenol- and thiocyanate-based wastewater treatment in RBC reactor. J Environmental Engineering 122: 941–948.
33. Mohan, S.V., Rao, N.C., Sarma, P.N., 2007. Low Biodegradable composite chemical wastewater treatment by sequential batch reactor (SBBR). J. Hazardous Materials 144: 108-117
34. Chu, L., Wang, J. 2011. Comparison of polyurethane foam and biodegradable polymer as carrier in moving bed biofilm reactor for treating wastewater at low C/N ratio. Chemosphere 83: 63-68.
35. Chen, S., Sun, D., and Chung, J. 2008. Simultaneous removal of COD and ammonium from landfill leachate using an anaerobic-aerobic moving bed biofilm reactor system. Waste Management 28: 339-346.
36. Rusten, B., Siljudalen, Wien, A., Eidem, D. 1998. Biological pre-treatment of poultry processing wastewater, Water Science Technology 38: 19-28.
37. Moussavi, G., Mahamodi , M., Barikbin B., 2009. Biological removal of phenol from strong wastewater using novel MSBR. Water Research 43:1295-1302.
38. Borghei, S.M., Sharbatmaleki, M., Pourrezaei, P., Borghei, G. 2008. Kinetics of organic removal in fixed-bed aerobic biological reactor. Bioresource Technology 99: 1118-1124.
39. Canziani, R., Emond, V., Garavaglia, M., Malpei, F. Pasinetti, E., Buttiglieri, G. 2006. Effect of oxygen concentration on biological nitrification and microbial kinetics in a cross-flow membrane bioreactor (MBR) and moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) treating old landfill leachate. Journal of Membrane Science 286: 202–212.
40. Li, H., Han, H., Du, M., Wang, W., 2011. Removal of phenols, thiocyanate and ammonium from coal gasification wastewater using moving bed biofilm reactor. Bioresource Technology 102: 4667-4673.
41. Mosquera-Corral A., Campos, J..L, Sanchez, M., Mendez, R., Lema, J.M., 2003. Combined system for biological removal of nitrogen and carbon from a fish cannery wastewater. J. Environmental Engineering-ASCE. 129 (9): 826-833
42. Chakraborty, S., Veeramani, H., 2002. Anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic sequential degradation of synthetic wastewaters. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 102-103: 443-451.
43. Wang, W., Ma, W., Han, H., Li, H., Yuan, M., 2011. Thermophilic anaerobic digestion of Lurgi coal gasification wastewater in a UASB reactor. Bioresource Technology 102: 2441–2447.
44. Zheng, S., Li, W. 2009. Effects of hydraulic loading and room temperature on performance of anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic system for ammonia– ridden and phenol rich coking effluents. Desalination, 247, 362-369.
45. Sahariah B.P., Chakraborty S., 2011. Kinetic analysis of phenol, thiocyanate and ammonia-nitrogen removals in an anaerobic–anoxic–aerobic moving bed bioreactor system. J. Hazardous Materials 190, 260–267.
46. Zhang, M., Tay, J.H., Qian, Y., Gu, X.S. 1998. Coke plant wastewater treatment by fixed biofilm system for COD and NH3-N removal. Water Research 32: 519–27.
1. Sharma, N. K., Philip, L. Bhallamudi, S.M., 2012. Aerobic degradation of phenolics and aromatic hydrocarbons in presence of cyanide. Bioresource Technology, 121, 263-273.
2. Yamagishi, T.J., Leite, S. Ueda, F. Yamaguchi, Y. Suwa, 2001. Simultaneous removal of phenol and ammonia by an activated sludge process with cross flow filtration. Water Research 35: 3089-3096.
3. Amor, L., Eiroa, M., Kennes, C., Veiga, M.C., 2005. Phenol biodegradation and its effect on the nitrification process. Water Research 39: 2915-2920.
4. Kim, Y.M., Park, D., Lee, D.S., Park, J.M., 2008. Inhibitory effects of toxic compounds on nitrification process for coke wastewater, J. Hazardous Material 152: 915-921.
5. Vázquez, I., Rodríguez, J., Marañόn, E., Castrillόn, L., Fernández, Y., 2006. Study of the aerobic biodegradation of coke wastewater in a two and three-step activated sludge process. J Hazardous Materials: B137: 1681-1688.
6. Vázquez, I., Rodríguez, J., Marañόn, E., Castrillόn, L., Fernández, Y., 2006. Simultaneous removal of phenol, ammonium and thiocyanate from coke wastewater by aerobic biodegradation. J. Hazardous material. B137: 1773-1780.
7. Fang, H.H.P., Liang, D.W., Zhang, T., Liu, Y., 2006. Anaerobic treatment of phenol in wastewater under thermophilic condition. Water Research 40: 427-434.
8. Bajaj, M., Gallert C. and Winter J. 2009. Treatment of phenolic wastewater in an anaerobic fixed bed reactor (AFBR) - Recovery after shock loading. J. Hazardous Materials 162: 1330-1339.
9. Blum, D. J. W., Hergenroeder, R., Parkin, G. F., Speece R. E. 1986. Anaerobic Treatment of Coal Conversion Wastewater Constituents: Biodegradability and Toxicity. J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 58: 122-131.
10. Zhou, G.M., Fang, H.P. 1997. Co-degradation of phenol and m-cresol in a UASB reactor. Bioresource Technology 61: 47-52.
11. Pavlostathis, S. G. and E. Giraldo-Gomez. 1991. Kinetics of Anaerobic Treatment. Water Science and Technology 24:35-59.
12. Bajaj, M., Gallert, C., Winter, J. 2010. Effect of phenol addition on COD and nitrate removal in an anoxic suspension reactor. Bioresource Technology 101: 5159–5167.
13. Zhao, W, Huang, X., Lee D., 2009. Enhanced treatment of coke plant wastewater using an anaerobic–anoxic–oxic membrane bioreactor system. Separation and Purification Technology 66: 279–286.
14. Sorokin, D.Y., Tourova, T.P., Antipov, A. N., Muyzer, G., Kuenen, J.G. 2004. Anaerobic growth of the haloalkaliphilic denitrifying sulphur-oxidizing bacterium Thialkalivibrio thiocyanodenitrificans sp. nov. with thiocyanate, Microbiology, 150: 2435-2442.
15. Li, Y., Gu, G., Zhao, J., Yu, H., 2001. Anoxic degradation of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds by acclimated activated sludge, Processes Biochemistry 37: 81-86.
16. S. Sarfaraz, S. Thomas, U.K. Tewari, L. Iyengar 2004. Anoxic treatment of phenolic wastewater in sequencing batch reactor Water Research 38: 965–971.
17. Sirianutapiboon, S., Chairattanawan, K., Surasinanant, P. 2007. Some properties of a sequential batch reactor for treatment of wastewater containing thiocyanate compounds, J. Environmental management 85: 330-337.
18. Marañόn, E., Vázquez, I., Rodríguez, J., Castrillόn, L., Fernández, Y., Lopez, H. 2008. Treatment of coke wastewater in sequential batch reactor (SBR) at pilot plant scale. Bioresource Technology 99: 4192-4198.
19. Kargi, F. 1996. Biological treatment of high strength wastewater by fed batch operation. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering 16: 35-38.
20. Staib, C., Lant, P., 2007. Thiocyanate degradation during activated sludge treatment of coke-ovens wastewater. Biochemical Engineering J. 34 (2): 122–130.
21. Liu, Y.Q., Tay, J.H., Ivanou, V., Moy, B.Y.P., Yu, L., Tay, S.T.L. 2005. Influence of phenol on nitrification by microbial granules. Process Biochemistry 40: 3285–3289
22. Soddell, J.A., Seviour, R.J., 1990. Microbiology of foaming in activated sludge plants. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 69 (2): 145–176.
23. Kim, Y.M., Park, D., Lee, D.S., Park J.M., 2007. Instability of biological nitrogen removal in a cokes wastewater treatment facility during summer. J. Hazardous Materials 141: 27-32.
24. Ødegaard, H., 2006. Innovations in wastewater treatment: the moving bed biofilm process. Water Science and Technology 53 (9): 17–33.
25. Hosseini, S.H., Borghei, S.M. 2005. The treatment of phenolic wastewater using moving bed bio-reactor, Process Biochemistry 40: 1027-1031.
26. Yang, S., Yang, F.L., Fu, Z.M., Lei, R.B., 2009. Comparison between a moving bed membrane bioreactor and a conventional membrane bioreactor on organic carbon and nitrogen removal. Bioresource Technology 100 (8): 2369–2374.
27. Jeong, Y.S., Chung, J.S., 2006. Biodegradation of thiocyanate in biofilm reactor using fluidized-carriers. Process Biochemistry 41 (3): 701–707
28. Tziotzios, G., Teliou, M., Kaltsouni, V., Lyberatos, G., Vayenas, D.V. 2005. Biological phenol removal using suspended growth and packed bed reactors: Biochemical Engineering J. 26: 65–71.
29. Ramos, A. F., Gomez, M.A., Hontoria, E., Lopez, J.G., 2007. Biological nitrogen and phenol removal from saline industrial wastewater by submerged fixed film reactor. J Hazardous Materials 142: 175-183.
30. Zaiat, M. Rodrigues, J.A.D., Ratusznei, S.M., Camargo, E.F.M. Borzani, W. 2001. Anaerobic sequencing batch reactors for wastewater treatment: a developing technology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 55: 29–35.
31. Goh, C.P., Senng, C.E., Sujari, A.N.A., Lim, P. E. 2009. Performance of sequencing batch biofilm and sequencing batch reactors in simultaneous p- nitrophenol and nitrogen removal, Environment Technology 30: 725-736.
32. Banerjee, G. 1996. Phenol- and thiocyanate-based wastewater treatment in RBC reactor. J Environmental Engineering 122: 941–948.
33. Mohan, S.V., Rao, N.C., Sarma, P.N., 2007. Low Biodegradable composite chemical wastewater treatment by sequential batch reactor (SBBR). J. Hazardous Materials 144: 108-117
34. Chu, L., Wang, J. 2011. Comparison of polyurethane foam and biodegradable polymer as carrier in moving bed biofilm reactor for treating wastewater at low C/N ratio. Chemosphere 83: 63-68.
35. Chen, S., Sun, D., and Chung, J. 2008. Simultaneous removal of COD and ammonium from landfill leachate using an anaerobic-aerobic moving bed biofilm reactor system. Waste Management 28: 339-346.
36. Rusten, B., Siljudalen, Wien, A., Eidem, D. 1998. Biological pre-treatment of poultry processing wastewater, Water Science Technology 38: 19-28.
37. Moussavi, G., Mahamodi , M., Barikbin B., 2009. Biological removal of phenol from strong wastewater using novel MSBR. Water Research 43:1295-1302.
38. Borghei, S.M., Sharbatmaleki, M., Pourrezaei, P., Borghei, G. 2008. Kinetics of organic removal in fixed-bed aerobic biological reactor. Bioresource Technology 99: 1118-1124.
39. Canziani, R., Emond, V., Garavaglia, M., Malpei, F. Pasinetti, E., Buttiglieri, G. 2006. Effect of oxygen concentration on biological nitrification and microbial kinetics in a cross-flow membrane bioreactor (MBR) and moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) treating old landfill leachate. Journal of Membrane Science 286: 202–212.
40. Li, H., Han, H., Du, M., Wang, W., 2011. Removal of phenols, thiocyanate and ammonium from coal gasification wastewater using moving bed biofilm reactor. Bioresource Technology 102: 4667-4673.
41. Mosquera-Corral A., Campos, J..L, Sanchez, M., Mendez, R., Lema, J.M., 2003. Combined system for biological removal of nitrogen and carbon from a fish cannery wastewater. J. Environmental Engineering-ASCE. 129 (9): 826-833
42. Chakraborty, S., Veeramani, H., 2002. Anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic sequential degradation of synthetic wastewaters. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 102-103: 443-451.
43. Wang, W., Ma, W., Han, H., Li, H., Yuan, M., 2011. Thermophilic anaerobic digestion of Lurgi coal gasification wastewater in a UASB reactor. Bioresource Technology 102: 2441–2447.
44. Zheng, S., Li, W. 2009. Effects of hydraulic loading and room temperature on performance of anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic system for ammonia– ridden and phenol rich coking effluents. Desalination, 247, 362-369.
45. Sahariah B.P., Chakraborty S., 2011. Kinetic analysis of phenol, thiocyanate and ammonia-nitrogen removals in an anaerobic–anoxic–aerobic moving bed bioreactor system. J. Hazardous Materials 190, 260–267.
46. Zhang, M., Tay, J.H., Qian, Y., Gu, X.S. 1998. Coke plant wastewater treatment by fixed biofilm system for COD and NH3-N removal. Water Research 32: 519–27.
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2018-05-07
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Sahariah, B. P. (2018). Bioreactors for efficient treatment of phenol and nitrogen from wastewater. CSVTU International Journal of Biotechnology, Bioinformatics and Biomedical, 3(1), 06–14. https://doi.org/10.30732/ijbbb.20180301002
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